This paper investigates the impact of elections on trust in institutions in some democratic countries. It uses panel data from the European Social Survey (ESS) CRONOS-2 database, which collected trust data twice in nine European countries within a short period. Between the two data collection waves, elections took place in some countries but not in others, resulting in a natural experiment that allowed the testing of differences in trust levels between both groups of countries through an ANCOVA model. The ANCOVA model shows no significant effect of elections on trust levels between both groups of countries, although there are other significant time-invariant factors correlated with trust such as income, age, and left- and right-wing political sympathies. The finding that the political cycle did not significantly affect trust levels underscores the importance of public governance drivers in influencing institutional trust. These results have implications and pose challenges for incoming governments and, more generally, for any actions aimed at influencing institutional trust levels.
西仓百年集市何去何从追踪 将设固定摊位规范经营
Evidence from nine European countries in the ESS CRONOS-2 survey
百度 文化创意人才 在京注册运营、近3年年均营业收入3亿元以上(含)且年均税后净利润2000万元以上(含)的文化创意企业，其任职满3年的法定代表人、总经理等高级管理人员； 新闻出版、广播影视、文化艺术、文物保护等领域国家级奖项获奖人和国家级文化创意人才培养工程入选人； 社会贡献较大的知名媒体人、自由撰稿人、艺术经纪人、文化传承人、展览策划人和文化科技融合人才，以及著名的作家、导演、编剧、演员和节目主持等人员。
